To date, a new coronavirus disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus (also known as COVID-19) has become a serious public health problem worldwide. Unfortunately, there are no specifi c drugs for the treatment of this infection until now. It is known that COVID-19 is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 betacoronavirus, which mainly aff ects the cells of the respiratory and digestive systems. There are scientifi c data on the eff ectiveness of a number of physiotherapy methods for a new coronavirus infection, which justifi es their inclusion in the complex rehabilitation within the in-patient stage. Aim. This work aimed at the scientifi c justifi cation of the physical factors use in the rehabilitation programs of patients after pneumonia associated with COVID-19. Material and methods. 60 patients (40 women and 20 men) who had suff ered from COVID-19 pneumonia were examined. The time from the onset of the disease was on average 2 months. The study involved patients with mild and moderate pneumonia. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. The fi rst group (30 patients) received low-intensity magnetic therapy for the chest area, infrared laser therapy for the lung roots, chest massage, therapeutic gymnastics and a course of hyperbaric oxygenation. The second group (30 patients) received high-intensity magnetic stimulation of the respiratory muscles, infrared laser therapy on the lung roots, chest massage, therapeutic gymnastics and a course of hyperbaric oxygenation. Results. As a result of the conducted rehabilitation programs, there was an improvement in the well-being of patients in both groups. There was a decrease in shortness of breath, an increase in physical activity, a decrease and disappearance of pain in the chest area. This was confi rmed by a signifi cant reliable dynamics of the 6-minute walk test and the laser Doppler fl owmetry parameters and spirometry. Positive dynamics in the C — reactive protein parameter and a tendency to improve the D –dimer parameter were revealed. The changes in the studied parameters were more signifi cant in patients of the second group. Conclusion. Thus, analyzing the results obtained, it can be argued that the developed comprehensive treatment programs for patients who have suff ered pneumonia associated with COVID-19 lead to clinical improvement in this category of patients. However, more signifi cant changes in the studied parameters were noted in the group of patients that received a comprehensive program that included a high-intensity electromagnetic fi eld.
COVID-19 pneumonia, laser therapy, magnetic therapy, hyperbaric oxygenation
1. Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine; Respiratory Rehabilitation Committee of Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine; Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation Group of Chinese Society of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. [Recommendations for respiratory rehabilitation of coronavirus disease 2019 in adult]. Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases. 2020; 43(4): 308-314.
2. Battaglini D., Robba C., Caiff a S., Ball L., Brunetti I., Loconte M., Giacobbe D. R., Vena A., Patroniti N., Bassetti M., Torres A., Rocco P. R., Pelosi P. Chest physiotherapy: An important adjuvant in critically ill mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19. Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology. 2020; (282): 103529 p.
3. Barker- Davies R.M., O’Sullivan O., Senaratne K.P.P. et al. The Stanford Hall consensus statement for post- COVID-19 rehabilitation. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 2020; (54): 949-959.
4. Demeco A., Marotta N., Barletta M. et al. Rehabilitation of patients post- COVID-19 infection: a literature review. Journal of International Medical Research. 2020; 48(8): 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1177/0300060520948382
5. Chen S., Lu H., Liu Z., Yuan W. Comment on “Central Nervous System Involvement by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS- CoV-2)”. Journal of Medical Virology. 2020; 92(9): 1399-1400. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25991
6. Veronese S., Sbarbati A. Chemosensory Systems in COVID-19: Evolution of Scientifi c Research. ACS Chemical Neuroscience. 2021; 12(5): 813-824. https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00788
7. Fesyun A.D., Lobanov A. A., Rachin A. P. Vyzovy i podhody k medicinskoy reabilitacii pacientov, perenesshih oslozhneniya COVID-19. Vestnik vosstanovitel'noy mediciny. 2020; 3(97): 3-13. https://doi.org/10.38025/2078-1962-2020-97-3-3-13
8. Heldman B., Kerkhoff G., Struppler A., Havel P., Jahn T. Repetitive Peripheral Magnetic Stimulation Alleviates Tactile Extinction. NeuroReport. 2020; (11): 3193-3198.
9. Silant'eva E. S. Primenenie magnitoterapii vysokoy i nizkoy intensivnosti v reabilitacii pacientov s COVID-19: randomizirovanoe kontroliruemoe pilotnoe issledovanie. Fizicheskaya i reabilitacionnaya medicina, medicinskaya reabilitaciya. 2020; 2(4): 322-328. https://doi.org/10.36425/rehab50236
10. Novelli G., Biancolella M., Mehrian- Shai R. et al. COVID-19 update: the fi rst 6 months of the pandemic. Human Genomics. 2020; (14): 48 p.
11. Righetti R.F., Onoue M. A., Politi F. V.A., Teixeira D. T., Souza P. N., Kondo C. S., Moderno E. V., Moraes I. G., Maida A. L.V., Pastore Junior L., Silva F. D., Brito C. M.M., Baia W. R.M., Yamaguti W. P. Physiotherapy Care of Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) - A Brazilian Experience. Clin- ics (Sao Paulo). 2020; (75): e2017.
12. Rivera- Lillo G., Torres- Castro R., Fregonezi G., Vilaró J., Puppo H. Challenge for Rehabilitation After Hospitalization for COVID-19. Archives of Phys- ical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2020; 101(8): 1470-1471.
13. He Z. Pericytes Within a Pulmonary Neurovascular Unit in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Elicited Pathological Changes. Current Neurovascular Re- search. 2020; 17(5): 784-792. https://doi.org/10.2174/1567202617666201222112639
14. Rigonato- Oliveira N.C., de Brito A. A., Vitoretti L. B. et al. Eff ect of Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) in Pulmonary Infl ammation in Asthma Induced by House Dust Mite (HDM): Dosimetry Study. International Journal of Infl ammation. 2019; 2019: 3945496. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/3945496
15. Gerasimenko M.Yu., Konchugova T. V., Kul'chickaya D. B. Magnitoterapiya v lechebno- reabilitacionnyh i profilakticheskih programmah. Klinicheskie rekomendacii. 2015: 47 s.
16. Lin V.W., Hsiao I. N., Zhu E., Perkash I. Functional magnetic stimulation for conditioning of expiratory muscles in patients with spinal cord injury. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2001; 82(2): 162-166. https://doi.org/10.1053/apmr.2001.18230
17. Neuman T., Thoom S. Physiology and Medicine of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy. Philadelphia. PA: Elsevier. 2008: 768 p.
